RBI Policy Meeting: Rate Cut or Pause? Economists are Divided

Based on a poll of top economists, the Reserve Bank of India’s policy meeting on August 6 is highly unpredictable, with a significant split on the timing of a rate cut.

Here is a summary of the key points from the provided text and recent developments:

On the Rate Cut:

  • Split Decision: Economists are evenly divided, with half expecting a 25 basis point rate cut and the other half anticipating the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) will keep rates unchanged.
  • Reasons for a Cut:
    • Inflation has fallen to a 77-month low, with the CPI expected to average below 3% for the year.
    • Some economists, including those from SBI, warn that delaying a rate cut could be a “type two error,” hurting growth when inflation is already under control.1
    • A rate cut now could support demand during the festive season.2
  • Reasons for a Pause:
    • The RBI has already cut the repo rate by a cumulative 100 basis points in three consecutive meetings (a 25 bps cut in February, another 25 bps in April, and a 50 bps cut in June), and may want to pause to assess the impact of these previous cuts.3
    • Global trade tensions and a hawkish stance from the US Federal Reserve could push the RBI toward a wait-and-watch approach.4
    • The transmission of previous rate cuts to the broader economy is not yet complete.5
  • Terminal Rate: Most economists believe the current easing cycle is nearing its end, with the terminal policy rate likely to settle at 5.25%, meaning just one more 25 basis point cut is expected.
  • Timing of the Final Cut: There is no consensus on the timing of the next and final rate cut, with a poll showing 30% expect it in August, 30% in October, and the most common prediction being December.

On Policy Stance and Projections:

  • Policy Stance: All economists agree that the RBI will maintain a “neutral” stance. However, the tone of the policy statement may turn dovish due to easing inflation and mixed growth signals.6
  • Inflation Forecast: 90% of economists expect the RBI to revise its inflation forecast downward, possibly to around 3.0–3.3% from the previous projection of 3.7% for the financial year.
  • Growth Forecast: 70% of respondents believe the RBI will keep its growth forecast unchanged, although it may highlight signs of slowing momentum.
  • External Risks: While half of the economists say global trade tensions will not directly influence policy, 40% believe these external risks could prompt the RBI to ease further.

Other Key Points to Watch:

  • Updates on the liquidity management framework.7
  • Comments on the growth outlook.
  • A possible extension of external benchmark-linked lending rates to NBFCs.

Leave a Comment